Factors associated with the persistence of EPI-targeted diseases in the Menaka health district, from February to March 2020

Abstract

Introduction: by vaccination 2 to 3 million deaths are avoided per year worldwide through improved coverage. In 2018, worldwide DTP1 coverage was 90% and 86% DTP3 and the dropout rate was 4% compared to 84%, 76% and 10% respectively in Africa. Of the 19.4 million children worldwide who did not complete the 3-dose series of DTP 5.6 million were living in India or Nigeria. In Mali 14% of children aged 12-23 months have never vaccinated. The objective was to analyze the factors associated with the persistence of EPI target diseases. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study that concerned mothers of children aged 12-23 months, children aged 12-23 months, health service managers, vaccinators and community leaders involved in immunization activities. It took place in Ménaka from February 1 to March 5, 2020 for data collection. The analysis focused on epidemiological surveillance data covering the period from January 2014 to December 2018. Data entry was made on epi info 7, the analysis on SPSS 25. Results: This study showed us that 19.41% of children aged 12-23 months were correctly vaccinated. There was an association between the presence of EPI disease and the rural living area (OR = 5.3; 95% CI [1.96; 14.33]; p = 0.0003), birth of the child at home (OR = 5.06; 95% CI [1.71; 14.94]; p = 0.04). Conclusion: This study allowed us to identify the factors associated with the persistence of the target diseases of EPI. It could nevertheless be supplemented by other more detailed etiological studies in order to better understand other factors attributable to the good progress of the vaccination.